Comprehensive drought risk management in Mexico: foundations, challenges and emerging strategies

Abstract

Drought represents an increasing threat to Mexico, affecting key sectors such as agriculture, water supply, and public health. This study analyzes the foundations of integrated drought risk management, current challenges, and emerging strategies. The methodology encompasses a literature review from the IPCC (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) and the IDMP (Integrated Drought Management Programme), an analysis of historical drought events, and the development of a risk index based on exposure, sensitivity, and adaptive capacity. Results reveal high vulnerability in the northern and central regions of the country, emphasizing the importance of strengthening early warning systems, multilevel governance, and ecosystem-based adaptation. Effective drought management must be proactive, cross-sectoral, and supported by participatory public policies.