Construcción de la síntesis evolutiva moderna: muchos pensadores, diferentes épocas

Abstract

The modern evolutionary synthesis, which describes the biological evolution of organisms in adaptive terms, was constructed between 1930 and 1950. However, if we consider genetic inheritance as a structural component, its origin shifts to much earlier stages in the history of biology. It is a synthesis because it merges concepts from the theories of evolution, cellular, chromosomal, and amalgamates them with the support of exact sciences like mathematics. Along the way, molecular biology emerged, with the elucidation of the structure of genetic material, and it became a fertile field for the construction of an "extended evolutionary synthesis" that remains relevant because it has adapted to changes in knowledge produced by subsequent scientific discoveries. This paper presents the development of modern evolutionary synthesis, its architects, and construction times, making it clear that theories and ideas change to originate another new one through the controversy and debate between conservatives and proponents of change.