Resumen
Las auxinas constituyen un grupo amplio de reguladores del crecimiento vegetal que incluyen al ácido indol-3-acético, el ácido indol-butÃrico, asà como diversos compuestos precursores y conjugados. Dichas substancias se producen de manera natural en las plantas, aunque es común encontrarlas en bacterias y hongos. El transporte y la direccionalidad que determinan los gradientes de concentración de auxinas en los tejidos vegetales son fundamentales para el desarrollo de las plantas. La distribución tisular de estas fitohormonas ocurre como resultado de la biosÃntesis, el metabolismo y predominantemente del transporte célula a célula. Este último proceso regula el desarrollo embrionario, el mantenimiento de los meristemos, la arquitectura radicular y del follaje, asà como las respuestas a estÃmulos ambientales como el fotoperiodo y la gravedad. En esta revisión se analizan los progresos recientes en las investigaciones sobre el transporte de auxinas y su participación en los diversos procesos del desarrollo vegetal.Citas
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